Early Forest Fire Detection and Verification using Optical Smoke, Gas and Microwave Sensors

AbstractThe research project “International Forest Fire Fighting” (iWBB) was funded by the Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. A group of companies, research institutes and universities have been working together to develop an integrated, but modular system. An integrated approach for early forest fire detection and suppression is based on an adequate combination of different detection systems depending on wildfire risk, the size of the area and human presence affiliated with an adequate logistical infrastructure, training by simulation, and innovative extinguishing technology. As in the case of wildfires large areas have to be monitored only remote sensing technologies (e.g. video based systems) are able to perform early detection adequately. To reduce false alarms a remote controlled unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with gas sensors and a thermal camera flies to a potential fire to specify the origin of the reported cloud. The UAV can also be used as a scout for fire fighters. After successful fire extinction an unmanned blimp can be used as a fireguard to reduce the risk of re-ignition of the fire. As monitoring tools, a microwave radiometer detecting hot spots also at insufficient vision (due to smoke clouds and below the ground surface), gas and smoke sensors and a thermal camera are mounted on the blimp. The benefit of a blimp is a higher payload. This paper presents an investigation of an early forest fire detection system on the basis of indoor (performed in the fire lab of the University of Duisburg-Essen) and outdoor tests. A commercial highly sensitive aspirating smoke detector, two gas sensors (H2 and CXHX), a microwave radiometer and the detection algorithms are described. A general overview about the project and the carrier platforms is presented

Анализ эффективности применения методов интенсификации притока жидкости к скважинам на Столбовом нефтяном месторождении (Томская область)

Объектом исследования являются Столбовое нефтяное месторождение. Цель работы - анализ и оценка эффективности применения методов интенсификации притока жидкости к скважинам на отложениях Столбового месторождения. В выпускной квалификационной работе выражены данные о географическо-административном положении месторождения и его природных условиях. Она содержит геолого-геофизические характеристики месторождения и особенности геологического строения. Дан пробный результат анализа эксплуатации скважин и текущего состояния разработки, а также отмечено обоснование выделения разрабатываемых объектов.The object of research is Stolbovoye oil field. The work purpose - the analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of methods of stimulation of inflow of liquid to the wells on the deposits of Columnar deposits. In the final qualifying work provides information on the geographical and administrative position of the Deposit and its climatic conditions. It contains geological and geophysical characteristics of the Deposit and features of the geological structure. The analysis of the results of trial operation of wells and the current state of development, and a rationale for the allocation of production

Neutron radiotherapy in South Africa: Neutron radiotherapy should continue

This correspondence is in response to the article: Abratt RP. The fast neutron therapy programme for patients in South Africa should come to an end. S Afr Med J 2012;102(2):58. Other correspondence in this series: Neutron radiotherapy: a different perspective. S Afr Med J 2012(5):269; Neutron radiotherapy, Abratt reply. S Afr Med J 2012(5):270-217; Neutron radiotherapy: Society comments. S Afr Med J 2012(5):271; Neutron radiotherapy: Abratt supported. S Afr Med J 2012(5):271